Silvergate 暴雷后,还有哪些加密银行?

区块律动Pubblicato 2023-03-09Pubblicato ultima volta 2023-03-09

Introduzione

随着传统金融对加密的担忧越重,能选择的银行也就越来越少。

随着 Silvergate 的暴雷,很多加密公司需要寻找出路,风投们也正努力的推荐像 Silicon Valley Bank 这样的接受加密的银行,将加密公司与新银行配对,但随着传统金融对加密的担忧越重,能选择的银行也就越来越少。The Information 发布了关于“Silvergate 之后的加密友好银行”文章。

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不想被定义为加密银行

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加密公司需要银行来运营,但现状是能找到一家加密友好银行越来越难。

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近年来,加密行业火热。许多小银行转而拥抱飞速增长的加密行业,忽略了其存在的风险。随着 FTX 暴雷、Silvergate Bank 摇摇欲坠、Signature Bank 也正在减少其合作的加密客户,无论是银行,还是加密初创公司,都陷入了困境之中。

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对于某些加密公司来说,其客户需要银行账户汇款,他们必须将资产转移到可以接受加密的银行,风投和 crypto 高管向 The Information 表示,其中最有可能的几家银行分别 Silicon Valley Bank、Customers Bank 和 Mercury。但这只针对于大型加密公司,对于一些小的加密初创公司来说,缺乏信用背书,能找到一家加密友好银行尤其困难。

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消息人士对 The Information 称,加密友好银行的谢幕对大型交易平台和其它老牌加密公司的影响或许是微不足道的,因为这些公司都是与多家银行有关联,包括一些主流银行,这些银行可能会允许他们增加存款。

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例如,Coinbase 与摩根大通有银行业务关系。(此前报道称,摩根大通已经切断了与 Gemini 的联系),对于加密初创公司来说,情况截然不同,一位加密风投告诉 The Information,近几周,转向何处一直是风投公司的热点话题,他们的公司一直在代表初创公司向其他银行合作伙伴介绍,包括 Silicon Valley Bank 和 Mercury。

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但一些加密初创公司遭遇的打击更大,他们可能不得不去寻找更“小众的”合作伙伴。风险投资、区块链初创公司顾问、纽约州金融服务部前监管人员 Matthew Homer 表示:“较小的加密初创公司越来越难找到新银行合作伙伴,这就是令人沮丧的点,他们将被推到第二或第三梯队。”

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Silvergate 对加密行业的部分吸引力在于其支付系统 Silvergate Exchange Network,该系统允许加密公司和机构投资者 24 小时快速相互汇款,上周该银行关闭其系统。

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一家加密交易公司的高管表示,该公司一直在接到对冲基金和加密公司等客户的电话,其中一些客户在 Silvergate 拥有账户,他们正在寻求建议,比如:现在应该转向哪家加密友好银行,Silvergate 是否可以帮忙牵线。

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虽然 Signature Bank 已经成为 Silvergate 的替代产品,因其提供类似的支付网络 Signet,但它对更多加密业务的兴趣并不大。去年 12 月,该公司表示希望将加密相关存款削减至总存款量的 20% 以下,最终目标是削减至 15% 以下。该行的加密相关存款在去年 Q2 减少了 74 亿美元——约 180 亿美元,占其存款总额的五分之一。

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Parnassus Investments 的首席投资组合经理和高级研究分析师 Ian Sexsmith 称,投资者的压力推动了 Signature 的变动,Parnassus Investments 持有该银行约 1.5 亿美元的股份;另一个动机是该行的其他客户,如资管公司、律师事务所和医疗保健提供商,他们越来越担心该银行与加密行业的密切联系。

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“他们不想这么做,不想被定义为加密银行”

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其它加密公司出路

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Customers Bank

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虽然像加密交易平台这样的公司不一定需要使用美国银行,但拥有美国联邦存款保险公司(Federal Deposit Insurance Co .)背书的公司对于其客户来说是颇具吸引力的。Customers Bank 对于加密公司是一个不错的选择,该银行在 2021 年初与很多大型加密客户签约,并提供类似于 Silvergate 网络的支付系统,且剧知情人士透露,该公司不打算退出加密行业。

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此外,Customers Bank 还在 1 月份雇佣了几名 Silvergate 员工,包括前 Silvergate 业务发展主管 Robb Layfield 和前 Silvergate 全球支付副总裁 Daniel Devine。

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Silicon Valley Bank

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Silicon Valley Bank 在其 2022 年年报中指出,该银行向加密公司放贷和接受存款,也会对这些公司进行投资,但对加密类客户的“风险敞口最小”。该银行的一名发言人表示,“该行暂时不会改变接受加密的计划”。

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Cross River Bank

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Cross River Bank 是近年来在加密公司中站稳脚跟的银行,Coinbase 也是其客户之一。Cross River 发言人此前表示:“加密货币交易处理和合作伙伴关系仍然是我们产品多元化的一部分,我们会根据合规性、市场条件和客户需求分配我们的资源。”

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Mercury

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当然,加密公司也可以求助于金融科技公司,这些公司本身并非持牌银行,但可以提供类似银行的服务。比如 Mercury,它通过与 Choice Financial Group 和 Evolve Bank & Trust 合作,提供支票和储蓄账户、电汇等服务。Mercury 的一位发言人告诉 The Information,该公司支持所有初创公司,包括加密行业公司,但不会与交易平台或 BTC ATM 提供商合作。

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合作可以,但不多

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Silvergate 通过迎合加密行业,吸引了大量存款,反过来这也给他们提供了一种廉价的贷款融资方式。但在上周,Silvergate 表示其可能“资本不足”,其持续经营的能力受到质疑。

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而美国监管机构一直是站在加密前面的“拦路虎”,此前,美联储、货币监理署和联邦存款保险公司就加密资产市场脆弱性导致的流动性风险发表联合声明,强调了与加密资产相关实体的某些资金来源相关的银行组织的流动性风险,监管机构指出加密行业的互联性加剧了敞口过大的银行面临的风险。而就在几天后,Metropolitan Commercial Bank 表示将“完全退出”加密行业。

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就连那些长期接受大银行不愿接触客户的银行也开始谨慎起来,总部位于佛罗里达州的 Surety Bank CEO Ryan James 多年来一直在接受加密、Cannabis 和工资日贷款等领域的高风险客户并为其提供服务。

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James 说:“当你的合法业务无法获得银行账户时,对我来说是一种讽刺。”Surety Bank 对接受新的加密客户持开放态度,但 James 表示,但这是“非常有选择性的”,不希望加密占其整体业务的太多部分。

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